Is the marriage contract considered valid if concluded at home by the marriage official (Ma`zon)?
Yes, it is valid as long as it is registered at the court.
Ruling on combining prayers in a marketplace due to heavy rain, knowing that some people performing prayers are customers?
If returning to perform the Asr or Isha prayers causes difficulty for the people, it is permissible. Please contact us. And Allah Knows Best.
Is it permissible for one to masturbate in order not to commit fornication?
This is called committing the milder of the two evils such as eating a carcass in fear of death, and this happens when committing fornication is very likely to occur.
Is it permissible for a woman who is in her confinement to fast upon seeing blood signs that are neither black, nor red ?
Brownish, reddish, and yellowish discharges are all considered confinement until there is no colored discharge which marks the end of confinement. Moreover, the aforesaid woman is prohibited from fasting until she attains ritual purity. And Allah Knows Best.