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Resolutions of Iftaa' Board


Resolutions of Iftaa' Board

Resolution No.(143) (8/2010): "Ruling on Commissions Charged by Brokers In Money Laundering Operations"

Date Added : 02-11-2015

 

Resolution No.(143) (8/2010) by the Board of Iftaa`, Research and Islamic Studies:

"Ruling on Commissions Charged by Brokers In Money Laundering Operations"

Date: (7/5/1431 A.H), corresponding to (22/4/2010)AD.

 

 

All praise be to Allah, peace and blessings be upon Prophet Mohammad and upon his family and companions:

During its fourth session held on the above given date, the Board reviewed the following question:

What is the ruling on commissions charged by brokers in money laundering operations that take place in certain countries, and with their approval ?

After careful study and deliberation, the Board decided what follows:

“Money Laundering” is to transform illegally obtained gain into seemingly legitimate funds in order to hide its origin so that it looks as if it comes from a legitimate business. 

Money laundering is prohibited in Islamic Sha`ree`ah, because the money itself comes from an illegitimate source such as usury, gambling, drugs and wines, so the resulting profit is ill-gotten. Allah Says in the Holy Quran, (What means): “O ye who believe! Eat not up your property among yourselves in vanities: But let there be amongst you Traffic and trade by mutual good-will: Nor kill (or destroy) yourselves: for verily God hath been to you Most Merciful!” {An-Nis`sa/29}. This verse clarifies that it is wrong for a Muslim to waste a property whether it was in his name, or belongs to the community, or to the people over whom he has control. A Muslim is allowed to increase property by economic use (traffic and trade). We must be careful of our own and other people`s lives and commit no violence. Our violence to our own brethren is particularly preposterous, seeing that Allah has loved and showered His mercies on us and all His creatures.

 

Money laundering isn`t a trade because those who do it aren`t seeking profit, rather, they falsely seek to make it look like a legitimate business.

Undoubtedly, money laundering causes great damage to the national economy and leads to tax evasion which undermines the public treasury because the overhead revenues don`t cover the overhead expenses, and this undermines the state and strengthens the organized crime.

Accordingly, brokerage in such illegitimate operations is forbidden in Islamic law because it assists in committing that which is unlawful. Allah Says in this regard (What means): “Help ye one another in righteousness and piety, but help ye not one another in sin and rancour: fear Allah. for Allah is strict in punishment.” {Al-Mai`da/2}. Brokerage in this illegal activity assists in establishing that which is mendacious since every derivative of mendacity is equally mendacious, so the money resulting from it is tantamount to illegitimate gain.

The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan has fought this phenomenon, and so it issued the Counter Money Laundering Law No.(46/2007) which bans such a crime, counters it and regards it liable to punishment. And Allah Knows Best.

 

 

Head of the Iftaa` Board, The Mufti General of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, His Grace Sheikh Abdulkareem Al-Khasawneh

Vice Head of the Iftaa` Board, Dr. Ahmad Hilayel

Dr. Yahia Al-Botoosh/ Member

His Eminence, Sheikh Sa`ied Hijjawi/ Member

Dr. Mohammad Khair Al-Essa

Judge Sarrie Attieh

Dr. Abdulrahman Ibbdah/ Member

Dr. Mohammad Oklah/ Member

Dr. Abduln`nassir Abu Al Bass`al/ Member

Dr. Mohammad Al-Khalayleh/ Member

Dr. Mohammad Al-Gharaibeh/ Member

Executive Secretary of the Iftaa` Board, Dr. Ahmad Al-Ha`sanat

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Summarized Fatawaa

What is the ruling on swearing an oath by the Prophet ﷺ, and does such an oath take effect according to Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal, requiring expiation upon its breach?

All praise is due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our master the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
Swearing an oath by a created being is disliked (makrūh) in our Shāfiʿī school. Shaykh al-Islām Imām al-Nawawī, may Allah have mercy upon him, states: "Swearing by a created being is disliked — such as swearing by the Prophet, the Kaʿbah, Jibrīl, the Companions, or the Prophet's family. Al-Shāfiʿī, may Allah have mercy upon him, said: 'I fear that swearing by other than Allah the Almighty may constitute an act of disobedience.' The scholars of the school explained this to mean: that is, something forbidden and sinful — indicating that he had some hesitation in the matter. Al-Imām stated: the established position of the school is that it is categorically not forbidden, but rather disliked. Furthermore, whoever swears by a created being, his oath does not take effect and no expiation (kaffārah) is required if he breaks it." [Rawḍat al-Ṭālibīn wa ʿUmdat al-Muftīn, Vol. 11/P.6]
According to the Ḥanbalī school, however, expiation becomes obligatory upon one who swears by our master the Prophet ﷺ and then breaks his oath. Imām al-Bahūtī al-Ḥanbalī, may Allah have mercy upon him, states: "No expiation is required for swearing by other than Allah the Almighty, even if the oath is broken — because expiation was made obligatory for swearing by Allah and His attributes, out of reverence for His names, and nothing else is equal to Him in this regard... except in the case of swearing by our Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ, for expiation becomes obligatory when one swears by him and then breaks the oath. This was explicitly stated in the narration of Abū Ṭālib, because he is one of the two conditions of the two testimonies of faith by which a disbeliever becomes a Muslim. Ibn ʿAqīl held the view that swearing by any of the other prophets, peace and blessings be upon them all, carries the same ruling." [Sharḥ Muntahā al-Irādāt, Vol. 3/P.441]. And Allah the Almighty knows best.

What are the disliked (makruh) acts of fasting?

● Excessive rinsing of the mouth and nose (during ablution), as it may lead to swallowing water.
● Tasting food or doing anything that may risk breaking the fast.
● Engaging in idle talk, and it is even more emphasized to avoid lying, backbiting, and gossiping.

What is the ruling on eating and drinking at night after making the intention? Is it necessary to renew the intention?

Eating and drinking at night, even after making the intention (for the next day), does not affect the fast, and it is not necessary to renew the intention after eating and drinking.

What is the ruling on one who sees moisture on his clothes and doubts whether it is semen or pre-seminal fluid (madhy)?

Whoever finds moisture upon waking from sleep and doubts whether it is semen or madhy, and cannot distinguish between them, he may choose between them and act according to his choice. If he wishes, he can consider it semen and perform the ritual bath, or consider it madhy, perform ablution, and wash what it has soiled. This is because if he fulfills the requirement of one of them, he is definitively free from it, and the default is his innocence from the other. And Allah the Almighty knows best.

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