Articles

Ikhlas "Sincerity" or "Purity of Intention"
Author : His Eminence Noah Ali Salman
Date Added : 07-01-2025

Anything that can potentially be mixed with something else, when it is purified and separated from such mixtures, is called "pure." Sincerity (Ikhlas) is the opposite of associating partners (Shirk). Thus, whoever lacks sincerity is engaging in shirk, though shirk has varying degrees. Sincerity in monotheism is opposed by shirk in divinity.

Sincerity and its opposite reside in the heart; their place is within the heart. This pertains to intentions and purposes. Hence, the Prophet (PBUH) referred all actions back to intentions, saying: " Deeds are to be judged only by intentions, and a man will have only what he intended." [Agreed upon].

As for the ruling on sincerity, Allah The Exalted Says (What means): "And they have been commanded no more than this: To worship God, offering Him sincere devotion, being true (in faith); to establish regular prayer; and to practise regular charity; and that is the Religion Right and Straight. " [Al-Bayyina/5]. He also Says (What means): "Is it not to God that sincere devotion is due? But those who take for protectors other than God (say): "We only serve them in order that they may bring us nearer to God." Truly God will judge between them in that wherein they differ. But God guides not such as are false and ungrateful. " [Az-Zumar/3]. Moreover, He Says (What means): "Except for those who repent, mend (their lives) hold fast to God, and purify their religion as in God’s sight: if so they will be (numbered) with the believers. And soon will God grant to the believers a reward of immense value. " [An-Nisa/146].

Regarding the virtue of sincerity, the Prophet (PBUH) said: "There are three things on account of which no rancour enters a Muslim's heart: sincere action for Allah’s sake, good counsel to Muslims, and holding fast to their community." [At-Tirmithi & Ibn Majah].

In warning against showing off (Riyā') and lacking sincerity, the Prophet (PBUH) said: "The first person to be judged on the day of resurrection will be a man who died as a martyr. He will be brought forward, and after Allah has reminded him of the favour He showed him and the man acknowledges it, He will ask: "What did you do to show gratitude for it? "

 

 The man will reply: "I fought for Thy cause till I was martyred. " Allah will Say: "You lie. You fought that people might call you courageous, and they have done so. "Command will then be issued about him, and he will be dragged on his face and thrown into hell. Next, a man who has acquired and taught knowledge and read the Qur’an will be brought forward, and after Allah has reminded him of the favour He showed him and the man acknowledges it, He will ask: "What did you do to show gratitude for it? "  The man will reply: "I acquired and taught knowledge and read the Qur’an for Thy sake. " Allah will Say: "You lie. You acquired knowledge that people might call you learned, and you read the Qur’an that they might call you a reader, and they have done so. " Command will then be issued about him, and he will be dragged on his face and thrown into hell. Next a man whom Allah has made affluent and whom He has given all kinds of property will be brought forward, and after Allah has reminded him of the favour He showed him and the man acknowledges it, He will ask: "What did you do to show gratitude for it? "The man will reply: "I have not neglected to give liberally for Thy sake to all the causes approved by Thee for this purpose. " Allah will say: "You lie. You did it that people might call you generous, and they have done so.’ Command will then be issued about him, and he will be dragged on his face and thrown into hell. " [Muslim].

Islam emphasizes sincerity in worship in numerous verses of the Qur'an. Among them is Allah's Statement (What means): "Verily it is We Who have revealed the Book to thee in Truth: so serve God, offering Him sincere devotion. " [Az-Zumar/2]. Charity is also only considered valid when it is free from selfish motives and solely for the sake of Allah: "(Saying),"We feed you for the sake of God alone: no reward do we desire from you, nor thanks. " [Al-Insan/9]. Allah also describes the ultimate sincerity and its rewards: "But those most devoted to God shall be removed far from it,- Those who spend their wealth for increase in self-purification, And have in their minds no favour from anyone for which a reward is expected in return, But only the desire to seek for the Countenance of their Lord Most High; And soon will they attain (complete) satisfaction."[Al-Layl/17-21].

Detachment from desires, correcting the inclinations of the heart, purifying intentions, and dedicating the heart sincerely to The Lord of all worlds elevate the status of worldly deeds, transforming them into accepted acts of worship. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Sa'd Ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him): "You will be rewarded for whatever you spend for Allah's sake even if it were a morsel which you put in your wife's mouth." [Bukhari].

A Muslim may be rewarded for an act they did not perform. During the Battle of Tabuk, when some Muslims could not participate due to the Prophet's (PBUH) inability to equip them, and given their deep desire to sacrifice and their sincere intentions, the noble Messenger said to his army: "In Medina, there are men who, every time you crossed a valley or travelled a road, they shared with you in the reward. They were kept behind by (legitimate) excuses. " [Agreed upon]. Thus, their sincere intention granted them the reward of the Mujahedeen!

A righteous intention is the solid foundation upon which good deeds are built. Allah warns in the Qur'an: "O ye who believe! cancel not your charity by reminders of your generosity or by injury,- like those who spend their substance to be seen of men, but believe neither in God nor in the Last Day. They are in parable like a hard, barren rock, on which is a little soil: on it falls heavy rain, which leaves it (Just) a bare stone. They will be able to do nothing with aught they have earned. And God guideth not those who reject faith." [Al-Baqarah/264]. He also Says (What means): "So woe to the worshippers Who are neglectful of their prayers, Those who (want but) to be seen (of men)." [Al-Ma'un/4-6].

How precious sincerity is, and how abundant its blessings! It can be found in the smallest of actions, yet it multiplies to the extent that it outweighs mountains, while much can be devoid of sincerity and hold no weight with Allah. Intention precedes action, and the inner state precedes the outward form. The Prophet (PBUH) said: "Indeed, Allah does not look at your bodies or your forms, but He looks at your hearts." [Moslim].

Whenever the soul is stirred by the desire for self-interest, the longing for status, and the wish to boast, the heat of sincerity gradually diminishes. Therefore, Allah loves deeds that are pure, free from any corrupting impurities: "Indeed, to Allah belongs the pure religion."

[Az-Zumar/3]. For this reason, Islam also fought against showing off (Riyaa), as narrated from the Prophet (PBUH):"Even a small amount of showing off is shirk." [Ibn Majah].

In conclusion, it is no wonder that Islam emphasizes sincerity and gives it such importance, because the believer's entire being belongs to Allah: his soul, his wealth, his family, his children, his worldly life, and his death. Allah says {what means}:"And I did not create the jinn and mankind except to worship Me." [Adh-Dhariyat/56]. They are not to worship wealth, status, or any human being... And all praise is due to Allah, The Lord of all The Worlds.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Article Number [ Previous | Next ]

Read for Author




Comments


Captcha


Warning: this window is not dedicated to receive religious questions, but to comment on topics published for the benefit of the site administrators—and not for publication. We are pleased to receive religious questions in the section "Send Your Question". So we apologize to readers for not answering any questions through this window of "Comments" for the sake of work organization. Thank you.




Summarized Fatawaa

What is the ruling of Islamic Law regarding one who purchases a sacrificial animal (uḍḥiyah) and it then develops a defect before slaughter?

Praise be to Allah, and peace and blessings upon our master, the Messenger of Allah.
If a defect that invalidates the sacrifice (uḍḥiyah) arises after its purchase — for example, if one purchased a sound, defect-free animal, and it then developed a limp, blindness in one eye, or a similar defect before slaughter — it does not fulfill the requirement of a valid uḍḥiyah, according to the Shāfi'ī school.
It is stated in Asnā al-Maṭālib fī Sharḥ Rawḍ al-Ṭālib (Vol.1/P.535): "Even if the limp develops [in the animal] while the knife is upon it, it still does not fulfill the requirement, because it is lame at the moment of slaughter — this is analogous to a case where a sheep's leg breaks and one hastens to slaughter it [in that condition]."
The Ḥanbalī school, however, held that if the one offering the sacrifice purchased the animal while it was sound and defect-free, and a defect then befell it afterward, the sacrifice remains valid and there is no obligation to replace it.
It is stated in Masā'il al-Imām Aḥmad, one of the Ḥanbalī reference works (Vol.8/P.4021): "I said: If a person purchases the sacrificial animal while it is sound, and it is then afflicted with illness, blindness in one eye, or a broken limb [before slaughter]? He [Imam Aḥmad] said: It is said that it still fulfills the requirement. Isḥāq said likewise, because he purchased it while sound, and the defect befell it only afterward, so it remains sufficient on his behalf." [End of quote]
Accordingly, a sheep afflicted with a defect that invalidates the sacrifice does not fulfill the requirement of a valid uḍḥiyah — whether the defect arose after purchase or during the slaughter itself — according to the Shāfi'ī school. However, there is no objection to following the Ḥanbalī position on this matter [as a valid alternative]. And Allah, the Most High, knows best.

When does the time for Udhiyah begin?

 
In the Name of Allah, and may peace and blessings be upon our Master, the Messenger of Allah.
 
The permissible timeframe for Udhiyah (sacrificial offering) begins on the day of Eid al-Adha—the 10th of Dhul-Hijjah—once the sun has risen and a period of time sufficient to perform two brief prayer units (Rak'ahs) and two short sermons (Khutbahs) has passed. This window remains open until the sun sets on the final day of Tashreeq, which is the 13th of Dhul-Hijjah.
 
Our Master, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), said: "Every valley of Mina is a place of sacrifice, and slaughtering may be done throughout all the days of Tashreeq." (Narrated by Al-Bayhaqi and Ibn Hibban)
 
The days of Tashreeq refer to the 11th, 12th, and 13th of Dhul-Hijjah.
 
The most virtuous time to perform the sacrifice is immediately after concluding the Eid prayer, based on the statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "The first thing we do on this day of ours is to pray, then we return and offer our sacrifice. Whoever does that has acted in accordance with our Sunnah (tradition), and whoever slaughters before that, it is merely meat he has provided for his family; it has nothing to do with the ritual sacrifice." (Reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim)
 
What is meant here is an estimation of time rather than the actual performance of the prayer itself, as our Master, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), used to offer the Eid al-Adha prayer immediately after sunrise.
 
The sacrifice is valid if performed at any time during these designated days, whether by day or by night, though slaughtering at night is considered disliked (Makruh). And Allah the Almighty Knows Best.

Is it permissible to offer an Udhiyah on behalf of another without their permission?

Praise be to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our master, the Messenger of Allah.
 
It is not permissible for a person to offer a sacrifice (Udhiyah) on behalf of someone else without their permission, except in the following cases: if he sacrifices on behalf of the members of his household, if a guardian sacrifices from his own wealth on behalf of his ward, or if the Imam (ruler) sacrifices from the public treasury (Bayt al-Mal) on behalf of the Muslims. And Allah the Almighty knows best.

What is the amount of the Fitr Zakah (obligatory charity) of Ramadan?

The Fitr Zakah of Ramadhaan is a Sa` (2500 grams) from what the people of that country or state eat the most. And Allah Knows Best.