Articles

The Islamic Perspective on Drugs
Author : Dr. Mohammad Al-Zou`bi
Date Added : 21-10-2024

 

All praise is due to Allah, Who created all of creation to worship Him, and placed reason within them to know Him, and bestowed upon them His blessings, both apparent and hidden, so that they may be grateful. I bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. May the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, his family, his companions, and those who follow them in goodness until the Day of Judgment.

Allah The Almighty Says (What means): "O ye who believe! Intoxicants and gambling, (dedication of) stones, and (divination by) arrows, are an abomination of Satan’s handwork: eschew such (abomination), that ye may prosper." [Al-Ma`idah/90].

In His Book, the Quran, Allah, The Exalted, has forbidden wine and cursed the one who drinks it, serves it, carries it, or has it carried to him. It is the mother of all evils and the root of all wickedness. The Prophet (PBUH) said: "Wine is the mother of all evils, and whoever drinks it, Allah will not accept his prayer for forty days. And if he dies with it in his stomach, he will die the death of one belonging to the Days of Ignorance/Pre-Islamic times." [At-Tabari]. Indeed, Islamic law has prohibited alcohol to ward off harm from humans and to protect religion, intellect, self, and wealth. If the reason for prohibiting alcohol is intoxication and the harm it causes, then any substance that leads to the loss of reason and causes intoxication takes on the same ruling. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Every intoxicant is wine, and every intoxicant is forbidden." [Moslim].

Therefore, the Prophet (PBUH) affirms in this hadith that whatever causes the same effect as wine is also prohibited. Consequently, drugs and intoxicants of all kinds, which have a more severe and harmful impact on the body and mind than wine, are also prohibited based on the Sharia rulings that prohibit wine.

Drugs uncover the sins of a person, reveal secrets, and plunge their user into a world of sin. Drugs are a fast track to vice, a path that shatters all prohibitions. They tear away modesty and extinguish the flame of jealousy from hearts. Drugs are a slow suicide, a destruction of the soul, and a ruin of the body. They offer a poisoned present and an uncertain future, leading either to suicide or imprisonment. Allah, The Exalted Says (What means): "And do not kill yourselves, indeed, Allah is ever Merciful to you." [An-Nisa/29].

O Allah, how many lives have been lost, how many families have been torn apart, how many honors have been tarnished, how many minds have been impaired, and how much wealth has been squandered because of these poisons. O Allah, how many mothers and fathers have wept due to these poisons. How many wives have been widowed, and how many children have been orphaned, with fathers complaining and mothers weeping, wives bewildered, and children lost. O Allah, how much poverty and humiliation have these poisons brought, and how many blessings have they denied. O Allah, how much sorrow, regret, misfortune, and premature death have these poisons caused. Truly, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was truthful when he said: "Do not drink alcohol, for it is the key to all evil." [Ibn Majah].

A drug user is corrupting both their religion and body, committing a crime against themselves, their family, and society. They are toying with their dignity and the essence of their humanity. When their mind is absent, they forget their Lord and forget themselves, becoming like animals, if not more misguided. They may kill, steal, or sell themselves, their honor, and their wealth for the sake of a pill or a dose of intoxicants.

Young people in the prime of their lives have been lost, or they remain a burden on their families and communities. They could have been constructive elements contributing to the development of their nations, striving for the happiness of their families, building their countries, and raising the dignity of their relatives. Instead, drugs have turned them into harmful creatures that destroy rather than build, causing harm, showing no regard for morality, religion, or honor.

The horrific crimes that result from drug use send chills down the spine and are beyond imagination; their atrocities are too terrible to describe. They serve as a warning signal that necessitates our awareness and caution regarding these dangers, urging us to protect our children from the threats posed by drugs.

Therefore, my dear youth, take care of yourselves for the sake of Allah. Actually, you are facing dangerous conspiracies, criminal gangs, fierce attacks, and malicious, hostile plans launched by your enemy through all means. They use cunning methods, hidden deadly weapons, and alluring names to deceive you into thinking that these substances bring happiness, excitement, enhance memory, and help with studying. However, in reality, they are poisons aimed at destroying the most precious asset of this nation: its intellect. These poisons pollute minds and corrupt thoughts. They are tools that aim to undermine the morals of this nation, and its beating heart—its men of tomorrow and the builders of its civilization.

Therefore, be aware, O youth of the nation, and beware of bad companions, those weak in character and devoid of dignity. Drugs are not something to be experimented with; for one pill may be your end, one pill may lead you to addiction, one pill may be enough to ruin your life and future, and one pill may drag you into prisons or rehabilitation centers.

Beware of bad company, for the Prophet (PBUH) said: "A person follows the religion of his close friend, so one should consider whom they befriend.” [Ibn Al-Subki in Tabaqat Al-Shafi'iyyah]. Do not let yourselves become slaves to drugs, driven by a fleeting thrill or momentary pleasure, only to become captives in the hands of dealers and corruptors. The pleasures will vanish, but the regrets will remain. The fleeting desires will fade, but the tears will endure.

The dealers of these poisonous substances, the corrupters on earth, care only about making a profit. Their concern is to drive luxurious cars, to build lavish mansions. They do not care who the victim is. They have no regard for young people in the prime of their lives who have destroyed themselves and their futures. They are indifferent to the tears of a grieving mother watching her child fall prey to drugs. They care nothing for religion, morals, honor, or country. These killers, these corrupters on earth, have stripped themselves of their religion and humanity.

It is our duty to stand in their way because the fight against drugs is a collective responsibility. It does not rest solely on the shoulders of security forces, although we pray for their success and guidance in their work. They risk their lives day and night to protect us, our land, and our nation from this scourge. The responsibility also falls on each one of us. You stand on a crucial front for your nation, so do not allow harm to come from your side.

Drug dealers see schools and universities, where young men and women gather, as fertile grounds for spreading their poison and promoting their merchandise. They set their traps to lure their prey toward destruction and loss. So, be vigilant and cautious of this danger.

These poison dealers are tantamount to a malicious hand, which must be severed, reaching out to our children. Moreover, drugs are a chronic disease that must be eradicated, and this can only be achieved through the collective efforts of all—fathers, mothers, schools, universities, the media, institutions, seminars, and lectures. Together, we must fortify our society and families against this dangerous plague and lethal poison. Allah speaks the truth when He Says (What means): "O you who have believed, protect yourselves and your families from a Fire whose fuel is people and stones, over which are [appointed] angels, harsh and severe; they do not disobey Allah in what He commands them but do what they are commanded." [At-Tahrim/6].

We ask Allah to protect our nation and leader, King Abdullah II, from all harm.

 

 

The published article reflects the opinion of its author

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Summarized Fatawaa

What is the ruling on reciting the takbīr from Sūrat aḍ-Ḍuḥā to Sūrat an-Nās upon completing the recitation of the Qur'an (khatm)?

All praise is due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our master, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
It is recommended to recite the takbīr from the beginning of Sūrat aḍ-Ḍuḥā through to the end of Sūrat an-Nās, and this is the recitation practice of the people of Makkah.
It is stated in Nihāyat az-Zayn (p. 65): "It is sunnah to begin each sūrah with the basmalah, since it constitutes a verse of it. It is also sunnah to say, before each sūrah — from aḍ-Ḍuḥā to the end of the Qur'an — 'Lā ilāha illallāh, wallāhu akbar' (There is no god but Allah, and Allah is the Greatest), based on what has been narrated regarding Imam ash-Shāfi‘ī (raḍiyallāhu ‘anh), who heard a man reciting this takbīr in prayer, and said to him: 'You have done well, and you have hit upon the sunnah.'"
And Allah, the Exalted, knows best.

What is the ruling on performing ablution (wudu') and ritual bathing (ghusl) with Zamzam water?

It is permissible to perform ablution and ritual bathing with Zamzam water. However, scholars disliked using it for cleaning after relieving oneself (istinja'). And Allah the Almighty knows best.

What is the ruling on performing the night prayer (*qiyām al-layl*) between the first and second adhān of Fajr? And which is better: delaying the prayer until shortly before the Fajr adhān, or performing it earlier than that?

 

All praise is due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our master, the Messenger of Allah.
The time for night prayer (qiyām al-layl) begins after the Maghrib prayer and lasts until the second adhān of Fajr. The best time for it is the last third of the night, and best of all are the fourth and fifth sixths of the night. If the night is divided into two halves, the latter half is better.
Whoever intends to pray at night is encouraged to delay the Witr until he has prayed the night prayer. If he knows that he will not wake up, it is better for him to pray and perform Witr before sleeping, so that he does not miss both the night prayer and the Witr.
It is stated in Mughnī al-Muḥtāj (Vpl.1/p.462): “I say: The voluntary prayer of the night, that is, the absolute voluntary prayer (al-nafl al-muṭlaq), is better than the absolute voluntary prayer of the day, because of the report in Muslim: ‘The best prayer after the obligatory prayer is the night prayer.’ In another narration of his: ‘In the night there is an hour that no Muslim man meets while asking Allah for any good of this world and the next except that He gives it to him, and that is every night.’ It is also because the night is a time of heedlessness. I restricted the voluntary prayer to the absolute kind following the commentator, although what the ḥadīth and the underlying meaning require is that the night rawātib be preferred over the day rawātib, since the jurists preferred the two rakʿahs of Fajr over everything except Witr. The middle of the night is better than its two ends if it is divided into thirds, because heedlessness is greatest then and worship is hardest. If he wishes to pray during some third, the best is the fourth and fifth sixths, based on the ḥadīth in the two Ṣaḥīḥs: ‘The most beloved prayer to Allah the Exalted is the prayer of Dāwūd: he would sleep half the night, stand for a third of it, and sleep for a sixth.’ Then the latter part is better than the first if he divides it into two halves, because of the saying of Allah the Exalted: ‘And in the hours before dawn they would ask forgiveness’ [al-Dhāriyāt: 18], and the report of the two Shaykhs: ‘Our Lord, Blessed and Exalted, descends,’ meaning His command descends, ‘to the lowest heaven when the last third of the night remains, and says: Who calls upon Me, that I may answer him? Who asks of Me, that I may give him? Who seeks My forgiveness, that I may forgive him?’”
It is also stated in ʿUmdat al-Sālik (p. 60): “It is better to perform it [the Witr] immediately after the sunnah of ʿIshāʾ, unless he has tahajjud, in which case it is better to delay it so that he performs Witr after it. If he performs Witr and then wishes to pray tahajjud, he prays two rakʿahs at a time and does not repeat the Witr, nor does he need to cancel it with a single rakʿah before the tahajjud. It is recommended that he not deliberately pray after it.”
Qiyām al-layl is a term applied to any prayer performed at night. Tahajjud, on the other hand, refers to the night prayer that follows sleep, whether it is prayed after Maghrib or after ʿIshāʾ, or the prayer performed after ʿIshāʾ without sleep. On this basis, the Witr is also called tahajjud, since it is only prayed after ʿIshāʾ.
It is stated in al-Majmūʿ (Vol.4/p.84): “The sound position, as stated in al-Umm and al-Mukhtaṣar, is that the Witr is called tahajjud.”
It is stated in Nihāyat al-Zayn (Vol.1/p.114): “Among the absolute voluntary prayers is qiyām al-layl. If it is performed after sleep, even during the time of Maghrib and after having prayed ʿIshāʾ early (taqdīman), it is called tahajjud.”
And it is stated in Ḥāshiyat al-Bujayrimī ʿalā al-Khaṭīb (Vol.1/p.418): “His statement: ‘(the night prayer)’: the genitive construction (iḍāfah) carries the sense of fī, meaning a prayer in the night. His statement: ‘(it would be more fitting)’: the reason it is more fitting is that the night prayer includes both tahajjud and other prayers.” And Allah Almighty knows best.

A pious man proposed to me and my father was hesitant in this regard because he is black, am I sinful if I accepted his proposal?

If the suitor is pious, color isn`t a drawback. However, try talking to your father kindly, so that he approves of your marriage with contentment, and that is better for you.