Is it permissible to listen to chants praising the Prophet if accompanied by musical instruments?
If singing, or chanting in praise of the Prophet was accompanied by a forbidden musical instrument, then it is forbidden.
Is it permissible for the doctor to uncover the hair of a female patient out of necessity?
It is only permissible for him to do so when there is no female doctor, and he should examine the patient in the presence of one of her Mahrams (unmarriageable kin).
What is the ruling on having slight discharges of menstrual blood during daytime of Ramadan, and before Maghrib time?
A woman who is certain that her menses have started during daytime of Ramadan is in a state of menstruation, and her fasting is considered broken at first sight of blood. However, she is rewarded for not breaking fast at the beginning of daytime.
How many prostrations of Quranic recital are there, and is it permissible not to offer them while reciting?
There is one prostration for the Quranic recital, and it is a Sunnah for which one is rewarded upon offering it. However, one who doesn`t isn`t punished. Therefore, those who fail to offer it aren`t considered sinful, rather they deprive themselves from the reward.