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The Place of Al-Aqsa Mosque in Muslims' Hearts
Author : His Grace Shiekh Abdulkareem Al-Khasawneh
Date Added : 27-05-2014

 

 

His Grace, The Mufti-General of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan: Abdulkareem Al-Khasawneh

All praise be to Allah, peace and blessings be upon Prophet Mohammad and upon all his family and companions:

Allah, The Exalted, has privileged Al-Aqsa Mosque with a special religious place in the hearts of all Muslims deriving from the very essence of their belief. Therefore, the Prophet`s Night Journey and Ascension (Isra` and Miraj) suffice as a miracle blessing that holy site. Allah, The Almighty, Says in the Holy Quran (What means): "Glory to (God) Who did take His servant for a Journey by night from the Sacred Mosque to the farthest Mosque, whose precincts We did bless,- in order that We might show him some of Our Signs: for He is the One Who heareth and seeth (all things)." [Al-Isra`/1].

 

Al-Isra` is taking the Messenger of Allah for a journey from the Sacred Mosque in Mecca to the farthest Mosque in Jerusalem.

 

Al-Miraj is when the Prophet travelled upwards to the Heavens from the farthest Mosque to the gate of Heaven which is above Jerusalem because Heaven has many gates, but for honoring Al-Aqsa` Mosque (the farthest Mosque), the Prophet was ascended from it.

The religious status of Al-Aqsa mosque makes Muslims proud of their religion, hold on to their rights, and have faith in their Lord.

 

The Prophet was ascended through the different levels of Heaven from Al-Aqsa mosque, then to the Lute-tree which is said to be the end of worldly knowledge, and beyond which none may pass. During the Miraj, or the Ascension, Prophet Mohammad saw things that he could only dream of. He demonstrated to people how to be true believers, and not to question the Unknown, or the Unseen because none knows them but He (Allah). Allah, The Almighty, Says in the Holy Quran (What means): "The (Prophet’s) (mind and) heart in no way falsified that which he saw. Will ye then dispute with him concerning what he saw? For indeed he saw him at a second descent, Near the Lute-tree beyond which none may pass: Near it is the Garden of Abode. Behold, the Lute-tree was shrouded (in mystery unspeakable!) (His) sight never swerved, nor did it go wrong!" [An-Najm/11-17].

 

During the Miraj Night, the Prophet saw the wonders of Allah`s Kingdom….He saw the much-frequented Fane and the Lute-tree near which is the Garden of Abode to which the Angels, the spirits of the martyrs and the righteous find rest. In addition, the Prophet (PBUH) saw the Archangel Gabriel (PBUH) in his heavenly image.

 

Al-Miraj started from Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa, which enjoys a privileged status in the Islamic Faith:

First: The pledge of allegiance took place in Jerusalem where the Prophet (PBUH) led the other Prophets in prayer and they welcomed Him, pledged allegiance to Him, and blessed His Message. It was a divine gathering in which the values of all prophets came together as mentioned in the Prophet's (PBUH) Hadith: "My similitude in comparison with the other prophets is that of a man who has built a house completely and excellently except for a place of one brick. When the people enter the house, they admire its beauty and say: 'But for the place of this brick (how splendid the house will be!). [Agreed upon].

 

Allah, The Almighty, has mentioned this pledge of allegiance in His Holy Book (What means): "Behold! God took the covenant of the prophets, saying: "I give you a Book and Wisdom; then comes to you an apostle, confirming what is with you; do ye believe in him and render him help." Allah said: "Do ye agree, and take this my Covenant as binding on you?" They said: "We agree." He said: "Then bear witness, and I Am with you among the witnesses." [Al-Imran/81].

 

Second: Al-Aqsa Mosque is the first Qibla for Muslims: It is the direction towards which a Muslim offers his/her prayers, acts of worship, and calls on Allah with love and reverence to derive from Him the strength and the determination. Thus, is there a place that is more that are more sacred, glorified, or better than the direction (Qibla) towards which one offers prayers in obedience to his/her Lord?

 

Allah, The Almighty, Says (What means): "We see the turning of thy face (for guidance to the heavens: now Shall We turn thee to a Qibla that shall please thee. Turn then Thy face in the direction of the sacred Mosque: Wherever ye are, turn your faces in that direction. The people of the Book know well that that is the truth from their Lord. Nor is God unmindful of what they do." [Al-Baqarah/144]. Therefore, Al-Aqsa mosque is the Muslim`s first Qibla towards which the Prophet (PBUH) offered prayers for sixteen or seventeen months until the divine injunction came down to offer prayers in the direction of the Holy Kabah.

 

Three: Al-Aqsa Mosque (the farthest Mosque) is the second mosque built on earth after the sacred Mosque, and the third of the two Holy Haram's as regards its sanctity. Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) says: "Do not set out on a journey except for three Mosques i.e. Al-Masjid-AI-Haram, the Mosque of Allah's Apostle, and the Mosque of Al-Aqsa, (Mosque of Jerusalem). [Agreed upon].

 

Four: Its ground and precincts are blessed for Allah Says (What means): "Whose precincts We did bless." [Al-Isra`/1]. Bilad Al-Sham: Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine- is a sacred land whose sanctity is part of Al-Aqsa Mosque`s. Rewards for offering acts of worship are multiplied in Al-Aqsa Mosque. The prophet (PBUH) said: "The merit of offering prayer in the sacred Mosque compared to other mosques: One prayer in the sacred Mosque equals a hundred thousand prayers, one prayer in My Mosque(Prophet`s) equals a thousand prayers, and one prayer in Al-Aqsa Mosque of Jerusalem equals five hundred prayers." [Al-Tabarania, Al-Baz`zar, and Al-Baihaqi in: “Sho`ab Al-Emaan].

 

The previously mentioned are the reasons that bonded Muslims on basis of creed, which is unchangeable neither with time, nor with individuals.

 

We sincerely ask Allah to forgive our sins, fulfill our aspirations and bestow victory upon us, and that is surely no difficult matter to Him.

 

Praise be to Allah, The Lord of The Worlds.

 

 

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Summarized Fatawaa

What is the ruling on performing the night prayer (*qiyām al-layl*) between the first and second adhān of Fajr? And which is better: delaying the prayer until shortly before the Fajr adhān, or performing it earlier than that?

 

All praise is due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our master, the Messenger of Allah.
The time for night prayer (qiyām al-layl) begins after the Maghrib prayer and lasts until the second adhān of Fajr. The best time for it is the last third of the night, and best of all are the fourth and fifth sixths of the night. If the night is divided into two halves, the latter half is better.
Whoever intends to pray at night is encouraged to delay the Witr until he has prayed the night prayer. If he knows that he will not wake up, it is better for him to pray and perform Witr before sleeping, so that he does not miss both the night prayer and the Witr.
It is stated in Mughnī al-Muḥtāj (Vpl.1/p.462): “I say: The voluntary prayer of the night, that is, the absolute voluntary prayer (al-nafl al-muṭlaq), is better than the absolute voluntary prayer of the day, because of the report in Muslim: ‘The best prayer after the obligatory prayer is the night prayer.’ In another narration of his: ‘In the night there is an hour that no Muslim man meets while asking Allah for any good of this world and the next except that He gives it to him, and that is every night.’ It is also because the night is a time of heedlessness. I restricted the voluntary prayer to the absolute kind following the commentator, although what the ḥadīth and the underlying meaning require is that the night rawātib be preferred over the day rawātib, since the jurists preferred the two rakʿahs of Fajr over everything except Witr. The middle of the night is better than its two ends if it is divided into thirds, because heedlessness is greatest then and worship is hardest. If he wishes to pray during some third, the best is the fourth and fifth sixths, based on the ḥadīth in the two Ṣaḥīḥs: ‘The most beloved prayer to Allah the Exalted is the prayer of Dāwūd: he would sleep half the night, stand for a third of it, and sleep for a sixth.’ Then the latter part is better than the first if he divides it into two halves, because of the saying of Allah the Exalted: ‘And in the hours before dawn they would ask forgiveness’ [al-Dhāriyāt: 18], and the report of the two Shaykhs: ‘Our Lord, Blessed and Exalted, descends,’ meaning His command descends, ‘to the lowest heaven when the last third of the night remains, and says: Who calls upon Me, that I may answer him? Who asks of Me, that I may give him? Who seeks My forgiveness, that I may forgive him?’”
It is also stated in ʿUmdat al-Sālik (p. 60): “It is better to perform it [the Witr] immediately after the sunnah of ʿIshāʾ, unless he has tahajjud, in which case it is better to delay it so that he performs Witr after it. If he performs Witr and then wishes to pray tahajjud, he prays two rakʿahs at a time and does not repeat the Witr, nor does he need to cancel it with a single rakʿah before the tahajjud. It is recommended that he not deliberately pray after it.”
Qiyām al-layl is a term applied to any prayer performed at night. Tahajjud, on the other hand, refers to the night prayer that follows sleep, whether it is prayed after Maghrib or after ʿIshāʾ, or the prayer performed after ʿIshāʾ without sleep. On this basis, the Witr is also called tahajjud, since it is only prayed after ʿIshāʾ.
It is stated in al-Majmūʿ (Vol.4/p.84): “The sound position, as stated in al-Umm and al-Mukhtaṣar, is that the Witr is called tahajjud.”
It is stated in Nihāyat al-Zayn (Vol.1/p.114): “Among the absolute voluntary prayers is qiyām al-layl. If it is performed after sleep, even during the time of Maghrib and after having prayed ʿIshāʾ early (taqdīman), it is called tahajjud.”
And it is stated in Ḥāshiyat al-Bujayrimī ʿalā al-Khaṭīb (Vol.1/p.418): “His statement: ‘(the night prayer)’: the genitive construction (iḍāfah) carries the sense of fī, meaning a prayer in the night. His statement: ‘(it would be more fitting)’: the reason it is more fitting is that the night prayer includes both tahajjud and other prayers.” And Allah Almighty knows best.

What are the nullifiers of fasting?

1. Anything that enters the body cavity intentionally, even in small amounts, through an open passage such as the mouth, nose, ears, front, or back private parts.
2. Intentional vomiting.
3. Sexual intercourse.
4. Masturbation.
5. Menstruation and postnatal bleeding.
6. Insanity.
7. Apostasy.
8. Fainting if it lasts for the entire day.

What is the ruling on istibra' and how is it performed?

Istibra' (cleansing from urine) is recommended. It is for a person to ensure that nothing remains of urine in its passage before performing istinja'. Its method is: to clear the throat (or cough slightly), shake the penis (meaning to pass fingers along it to expel any remaining urine if needed), and walk a few steps to the extent that one thinks nothing of urine remains if walking is needed. Each person knows his own nature best. The preferred opinion is that this differs among people. The objective is for one to think that nothing remains in the urinary passage that he fears will exit later. And Allah the Almighty knows best.

What is the meaning of the Prophetic statement that a boy is held in pledge (murtahan) for his 'aqīqah?

All praise is due to Allah, and may peace and blessings be upon our Master, the Messenger of Allah.
The first interpretation: That if the boy dies in infancy without an 'aqīqah having been performed on his behalf, he will not intercede for his parents on the Day of Resurrection. This is the position of Imam Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal, and Imam al-Khaṭṭābī concurred with him, stating: "The finest of what has been said regarding this matter is the position adopted by Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal." — [Fatḥ al-Bārī by Ibn Ḥajar,{Vol.9/P.594]
The second interpretation: That the child is likened to a pledged object (marhūn) — one from which full benefit and enjoyment cannot be derived until it is redeemed. A blessing is only made complete upon the one blessed when they fulfil the obligation of gratitude (shukr), and the prescribed expression of gratitude for this particular blessing is what the Prophet ﷺ established as Sunnah — namely, the slaughtering of the 'aqīqah on behalf of the newborn as an act of thankfulness to Allah the Almighty and as a supplication for the wellbeing and safety of the child. This is the position of Mullā 'Alī al-Qārī. See: [Mirqāt al-Mafātīḥ Sharḥ Mishkāt al-Maṣābīḥ, Vol.7/P.2688]
And Allah Almighty knows best.

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