Islamic Ruling on Sending Blessings and Peace upon the Prophet (PBUH) after the Adhan

What is the ruling on sending blessings and peace upon the prophet (PBUH) after the Adhan?

Is it Permissible for the Person who hasn`t Made Wudu` to Perform the Adhan?

Is it permissible for the person who hasn`t made wudu` (state of minor ritual impurity) to perform the Adhan?

Islamic Ruling on Performing the Obligatory Prayer Immediately after the Adhan and before the Iqamah is Performed in the Mosque

Is it permissible for a woman to perform the obligatory prayer immediately after the adhan and before the Iqamah is performed in the mosque?

One must Rely on the Prayer Times Issued by the Officially Recognized Authorities

Ruling on Depending on Mobile Applications to Determine Prayer Times

Many Muslims throughout the world utilize mobile apps to determine prayer times. However, I found that there is difference between the times of prayer offered by these apps and those applied in the Islamic countries. What is the ruling of Sharia on utilizing these apps to determine the times of prayer? 

A Person is Recommended to Answer the Call of (Athan and Iqamaa) as soon as any is Heard

Are the supplications of Athan pronounced after Iqamaa as well?

Stretching Adhan is Disliked

What is the ruling on stretching the words of Adhan (call to prayer) and prolonging it? Is the form in which Adhan is called in mosques disliked to the extent that Muezzins are advised to leave it?