What is the ruling on memorizing the Quran during menstruation, knowing that I do not read directly from the Quran but from a paper or from my phone?
It is not permissible to memorize the Quran during menstruation because memorization requires repetition, and a menstruating woman cannot touch the physical pages of the Quran. Similarly, if the Quranic verses appear on the screen of the phone, it is considered like touching the Quran. And Allah Knows Best.
Is Iddah (waiting period) incumbent on an old woman whose husband had died?
Upon the death of the husband, Iddah is incumbent on the wife regardless of their age. And Allah Knows Best.
Is it permissible for the person who wants to travel from the United Arab Emirates to Jordan during the daytime in Ramadan to break his fast before leaving his country; knowing that he had embarked on journey half an hour after dawn?
Praise be to Allah the Lord of the Worlds.
The person who made the intention to embark on journey after dawn must observe fast for that day, because it became an obligation on him before engaging on journey. However, if he experienced unbearable hardship while on travel, then he is permitted to break his fast, but he must make up for the missed day. And Allah The Almighty Knows Best.
Is it permissible for a woman to visit the doctor while in her `Iddah (waiting period)?
It is permissible for her to do that during day time, but it is impermissible for her to leave her house at night except for a sound reason. And Allah Knows Best.